Optimization of DWDM Demultiplexer Using Regression Analysis

We propose a novel twelve-channel Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) demultiplexer, using the two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D PC) with square resonant cavity (SRC) of ITU-T G.694.1 standard. The DWDM demultiplexer consists of an input waveguide, SRC, and output waveguide. The SRC in the proposed demultiplexer consists of square resonator and microcavity. The microcavity center rod radius (Rm) is proportional to refractive index. The refractive index property of the rods filters the wavelengths of odd and even channels. The proposed microcavity can filter twelve ITU-T G.694.1 standard wavelengths with 0.2 nm/25 GHz channel spacing between the wavelengths. From the simulation, we optimize the rod radius and wavelength with linear regression analysis. From the regression analysis, we can achieve 95% of accuracy with an average quality factor of 7890, the uniform spectral line-width of 0.2 nm, the transmission efficiency of 90%, crosstalk of −42 dB, and footprint of about 784 μm2

Gossip as a Burdened Virtue

Gossip is often serious business, not idle chitchat. Gossip allows those oppressed to privately name their oppressors as a warning to others. Of course, gossip can be in error. The speaker may be lying or merely have lacked sufficient evidence. Bias can also make those who hear the gossip more or less likely to believe the gossip. By examining the social functions of gossip and considering the differences in power dynamics in which gossip can occur, we contend that gossip may be not only permissible but virtuous, both as the only reasonable recourse available and as a means of resistance against oppression

Photonic crystal based biosensor for the detection of glucose concentration in urine

Abstract Photonic sensing technology is a new and accurate measurement technology for bio-sensing applications. In this paper, a two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator based sensor is proposed and designed to detect the glucose concentration in urine over the range of 0 gm/dl-15 gm/dl. The proposed sensor is consisted of two inverted “L” waveguides and a ring resonator. If the glucose concentration in urine is varied, the refractive index of the urine is varied, which in turn the output response of sensor will be varied. By having the aforementioned principle, the glucose concentration in urine, glucose concentration in blood, albumin, urea, and bilirubin concentration in urine are predicted. The size of the proposed sensor is about 11.4 µm×11.4 µm, and the sensor can predict the result very accurately without any delay, hence, this attempt could be implemented for medical applications

Design and Analysis of 2D Photonic Crystal Based Biosensor to Detect Different Blood Components

Abstract In this paper, a photonic crystal ring resonator based bio sensor is designed to sense different blood constituents in blood in the wavelength range of 1530 nm‒1615 nm for biomedical applications. The blood constituents such as hemoglobin white blood cell, red blood cell, blood sugar, blood urea, albumin, serum bilirubin direct, and ammonia are sensed for the corresponding transmission output power, Q factor, and refractive index changes. As the blood constituent has unique refractive index, the resonant wavelength and output power are varied from one to another, which are used to identify the blood constituents